> Why would an OS-specific one help?

E.g., if you want to back up your home dir, and omit caches, since they can be regenerated. It's a lot easier if programs write their cache data to ~/.cache / $XDG_CACHE_HOME than if they intermix it / scatter it about.

But how does it help to have one directory for all Linux-based OSes (or one directory for RHEL, one for Ubuntu, one for Debian, etc.), and one for FreeBSD and one for OpenIndiana?

At least, that's what I interpret "OS-specific" to mean.

More along the line of the original comment you're replying to, if the cache was in, say, ~/.cache, then it won't get swept up in the repository's commits, since the cache data is no longer inside the repository's working directory. Then, it never gets uploaded to GitHub, and this security issue never happens.

I have seen a surprising number of people — some who are engineers by profession too, and ought to know better — just git add everything, and then commit it all without looking. One should review the diff one has staged to see if it is correct, but alas…

That's possible with 3.8's PYTHONPYCACHEPREFIX, yes?

Perhaps it's worthwhile for someone to blog about this more/promote this as a best practice? Though what's missing is the hook to connected it as appropriate for the given platform.

I see now that "OS-specific" was meant to be interpreted as "the OS-defined mechanism to find a cache directory", not "a cache directory which differs for each operating system".

I would not have been confused by the term "platform dependent", which is what Python's tmpdir documentation uses, as in: "The default directory is chosen from a platform-dependent list" at https://docs.python.org/3/library/tempfile.html?highlight=tm... .

Windows exists, too. Probably would be in %APPDATA% or %TMP%

I suspect his thought was to use something like "%UserProfile%/pycache/" on windows and "$HOME/.pycache/" on Linux.

That env var is new in 3.8. I've been looking forward to it to stop docker writing root owned cache files back to a bind mounted file system. I might set it to $HOME/.cache/python globally as well.