Closure and function return function can be used as substitute, and except for inheritance (which should be avoided too), I haven't found any use case for using class class. Example:

    function MyList {
      let data = [];
      let add = (item) => data.push(item);
      return { add };
    }

So for every list you have an additional allocation for the add function. It obviously continuously to get much worse as more "methods" are inevitably added. That's extremely inefficient for something that's used often and it's not something JavaScript engines can optimize away. The benefit is also extremely negligible since the closed over values are still implicit in the call to add.