At one job I wrote the equivalent of the following (it's just that I invoked create_lambda more times):

  #include <functional>
  #include <iostream>
  
  std::function<void()> create_lambda(const int& x, const int& y) {
      return [&] {
          std::cout << "x: " << x << "\n";
          std::cout << "y: " << y << "\n";
      };
  }
  
  int main() {
      int x = 5;
      int y = 7;
  
      const auto f = create_lambda(x, y);
  
      f();
  }

And it crashed. There were no local variables in create_lambda and the lambda crashed in the same function that create_lambda was called in. When I try to reproduce it now, it doesn't work. Not sure what's different, but this is basically what happened.