"Non-deterministic" works? However, I'm arguing that nondeterministic results from deterministic input are themselves a mild form of bug, like a compiler warning or "code smell".

Perhaps we also have to talk about causality and serialisability, clocks and timestamping. In a concurrent or distributed system it may not be easy to determine what order things happen in without unreasonable effort or performance impairment, but if so the system has to be designed so that doesn't matter.

> Think of two worker threads pushing entires to a synchronised log. It's non-deterministic which order they arrive in the log, as different schedulings and other things will cause the threads to run in different orders (they 'race' to put entries in the log, we say), but it's not a bug, and it's not lock-free because the log is synchronised.

Those I would call independent. Unless they're acting on something in common, in which case having the transactions serialised as A before B then logged as B before A is immensely annoying.