It's similar to IPFS in terms of the goal of distributed file storage. But it incentivizes users to store in non-blockchain way, sidestepping a lot of the size and throughput issues there.
Connections are indeed anonymized. But as you can work with and update data in a distributed fashion, there's a lot of scope for applications. (We've previously built a simple twitter clone, using RDF data on an older testnet: https://github.com/maidsafe/safe-patter-js)
Things are still very much in development. Still Alpha stage. But There are things available for users to try!
The Safe Primer (maintained by community members) may be a good place to start:
https://primer.safenetwork.org/
The dev hub is sadly out of date with current things. The forum is very friendly and open to new folk and answering any questions: https://safenetforum.org
The main network website has more generalised info: https://safenetwork.tech/
Hope that's helpful!
The header on "Start Developing" is more informative: "The SAFE Network is a scalable, distributed application platform"
It seems to be something like IPFS or Dat, with app development tooling, monetization, SSO, and a "privacy-first network".