There are conflicts of interest everywhere in this process, as you might imagine.
But most dealerships are set up with a "service bay" that's just the desks of the service reps and a couple of parking spots, then after you leave they drive the cars around back to the actual service department. There's total isolation between the customers and the people doing the work. I suspect they might consider this a feature, "white glove service" or something, but it's irritating when you e.g. bring something in for diagnostics, and then get the diagnostic report from someone who doesn't understand half of it - an experience I have had repeatedly taking my lemon of a Nissan to the Nissan dealership because no one else in town has the stupid Nissan proprietary diagnostic computer.
Seriously, when I brought it in to have them figure out a problem that had been frustrating me for a while (I do most of the work on my cars myself), they confirmed my suspicion that it was the fuel pump and maybe saved me the work of replacing the fuel pump when it wasn't the problem. But, the service advisor also told me they recommended replacing the entire steering rack (!). When I asked why, he seriously struggled to come up with an answer, and just said something about it being worn. Really? the quoted rate on the replacement was more than the car was worth, and he didn't even know why they were recommending it.
Now I think I need a stability control reset that as far as I can tell only the dealership can do. I've really been avoiding bringing it in as I know they're going to charge me at least their $170 diagnostic rate and probably write me a quote for over $8k in work again, all for something that apparently takes about 30 seconds if you happen to have a Nissan CONSULT II.
At the same time, I've had no problem asking to go directly into the shop and talking to mechanic while pointing at the part in question.
So I conclude, as everyone says, you got to do your own work as much as possible on an out of warranty European car.
One reason I didn't realize this is because I used to drive a pretty mundane vehicle under warranty, so they never recommended anything grossly unnecessary.
For years, I was aware of the cracks about "stealerships" and I didn't pay much attention, because I figured you get what you pay for and hadn't found a good independent mechanic. But I happened to see a help wanted ad for dealer advisors that mentioned commissions, about the same time as I had paid for an expensive repair on an out-of-warranty vehicle after dragging my feet quite a bit.
Maybe this is naive, but I genuinely did not know about the conflict of interest, and I expected the half of the dealer that sold (used) luxury vehicles to be no more predatory than the half that sells regular cars. On purchase, I figured, meh, I can afford the repairs, but I didn't count on paying for ones I didn't need and having ones I did ignored.