It really depends heavily on the engineering field. I do work in optical/physical engineering (photonics, nonlinear optics, quantum computing) and essentially operations research (optimization theory) and almost everything we use is Python (as a C + CUDA wrapper/HDL-type thing) and Julia (which I'm trying to introduce for code reusability, even if it is only marginally slower than the former).

At least in my university, most people really do use Python + C and Julia for many, many cases and MATLAB and such are used mostly in mechanical and civil engineering, some aero-astro (though a ton of people still use Python and C for embedded controllers), and Geophysics/Geophysical engineering (but, thanks to ML, people are switching over to Python as well).

I think even these fields are slowly switching to open versions of computing languages, I will say :)

Yeah I know what you mean. I'm mechanical engineering (Controls) and the vast majority of them still use MATLAB, but they are slowly moving towards more open computing languages. I can only consider this a great thing! :)

The issue I see is with the undergraduate curriculum in many Universities. This is where I see the legacy use of MATLAB is really hurting the future generation of students. Many still don't know proper programming fundamentals because MATLAB really isn't set up to be a good starting point for programming in general. To me, MATLAB is a great tool IF you know how to program already.

Oh yeah, it’s a killer I’m not going to lie. I have the same problem with some classes here (though I haven’t taken one in years) and it’s quite frustrating since students are forced to pay for mediocre software in order to essentially do what a normal calculator can do anyways (at least at the undergrad level).

I work in a massive research institution with a lot of medical doctors. They almost all use R if they can program. I try to encourage the use of Python to help them slowly pick up better programming fundamentals so they dont miss out on whatever the next wave is in a decade. Learning R doesn't teach you much about other languages but IMO learning Python can help you move languages.

> Many of the Engineering and Math PhDs I work with typically use MATLAB or Mathematica.

Yes, and the government still needs COBOL programmers.

Going forward, I believe Python has far more momentum than either MATLAB or Mathematica. I think far more MATLAB and Mathematica users will learn Python than the other way around in the future, and far more new scientific programmers will learn Python than either of those.

I really believe so too! I just hope that goes downstream to the undergrads in the fields too.