No, Americans have a strong Constitutional right to move freely within the country, with large quantities of consistent court precedent on this matter in diverse situations. Suspension of this right requires both individual due process and compelling government interest (e.g. imprisonment for a serious crime). It is on the same tier of rights as freedom of speech in the US. The Constitutional authority simply isn't there for the Federal government to ban travel, and any attempt to do so would be met with an instant court injunction.

The courts have also consistently rejected overly clever de facto travel bans via regulatory mechanisms intended to prohibit the use of common modes of transportation. Courts have taken a very dim view of arguments, which the government has made in the past, that e.g. free travel can effectively be restricted to walking. American courts have ruled in the past that the right to travel extends to the use of common modes of transportation.

If fundamental Constitutional rights could be suspended every time the government claimed an emergency, Americans would have no rights in practice. There is no allowance for the blanket suspension of fundamental rights by reason of public emergency in the US.