Shoutout to Ben, py-spy is an amazing profiler. I believe cProfile has certain limitations and doesn't fully understand deep call stacks. py-spy does not have that limitation. It also offers multiple output formats (especially flamegraph and speedscope format, https://www.speedscope.app/) which make it so much nicer to identify bottlenecks.

At our company, py-spy has helped us a lot for our line-of-business application. I'm not affiliated with Ben in any way, but he deserves some praise for his work on py-spy.