The CEO of Qwest did and he was subsequently jailed.

https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-switch/wp/2013/09/30...

From a YCombinator comment: "The way that Qwest CEO Joseph Nacchio so meaningfully resisted the government that he was convicted of insider trading for telling people his company would be successful when it actually relied on a government contract that was pulled in retaliation, which he couldn't use as a defense in court because of national security concerns? For which he served four years in prison, and Qwest no longer exists? That sort of meaningfully resist? The message to me from that case is clear—if the US government tells you to jump, you answer, how high."

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=20369120

If he's telling the truth, major props to that guy for sticking to his principles regardless of what he had to lose.