IANAL.

Technically probably not at the moment, but this would affect the notion of intent and increase penalties if you used this information to commit another crime, like murder, burglarly, etc.

Is it illegal for me to stand in the public street outside of your house and note when you arrive and leave and other observable-from-public factors?

Honestly you bring up a good point. We definitely need an update to our laws to specifically address privacy. The Constitution was written when people lived tens or even hundreds of miles from each other.

Not for any random person, but it certainly can happen with your "consent" as part of some terms and conditions - for example, a car manufacturer or a financing company that's handling your leasing or a car service shop certainly might install a GPS tracker in your car.

And wasn't it just recently in the news that all major USA cell phone providers are selling your location tracking data to third parties?