The key parts there are: - single - technical - authority
Watching businesses attempt an integration of a line code anywhere to download the third party tool is painfully hilarious.
Getting them to set up a DNS record to point to you is often so far off the table its playing in the forest with the faeries. Having them pull your code and serve it statically alongside their site... I couldn't imagine
What usually happens is that the marketing team signs a contract then developers copy and paste a JavaScript snippet to embed on the website and move on.
The work arounds require much more intention and the solutions can be hacky like modifying urls in a minified JS file.
If that tracking is blocked, it is invisible to the company especially if only the third party who has access to the data.
'normal' people are starting to run ad-blockers now, not just tech-savvy users.
https://www.emarketer.com/content/ad-blocking-in-the-uk-2018
https://www.socialmediatoday.com/news/global-ad-blocking-beh...
Not going through the browser is possible but requires trust between organizations; publishers have an incentive to inflate numbers, and trust has so far been lacking (and rightly so). That may change.