Other systems may or may not be created in a similar fashion.

I'm aware of how they work. I'm arguing that someone who builds a system is responsible for it even if they don't know how it works. Ignorance, even in the face of a system so complex that no person could ever understand the underlying causes of what it does, is not an excuse. No one should be able to hide behind complexity.

Developers must either build in protections against their systems going wrong or they shouldn't deploy them.

Every step of the development ladder is fraught with possibilities for error and catastrophe. To quote James Goldman:

"It is too simple. Life, if it's like anything at all, is like an avalanche. To blame the little ball of snow that starts it all, to say it is the cause, is just as true as it is meaningless."

Yes.

That wouldn't even be a change to the current system. That's how it works now. If you take on the role of CEO and it turns out that years earlier the company did something terrible you will be expected to resign. It's one of the reasons they demand so much money.

Contrary to popular belief, the vast majority of career CEOs are good hardworking people. Like any high profile position, the outliers skew perception for everyone.