See also: Categorical Query Language (CQL) https://www.categoricaldata.net/
Not Prolog, but it's a mathematical treatment of DBs with Category Theory.
A paper by these folks was mentioned in a sib comment ( https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=21005452 ) "Algebraic Property Graphs" Joshua Shinavier, Ryan Wisnesky (Submitted on 11 Sep 2019) Last week!
> In this paper, we use algebraic data types to define a formal basis for the property graph data models supported by popular open source and commercial graph databases. Developed as a kind of inter-lingua for enterprise data integration, algebraic property graphs encode the binary edges and key-value pairs typical of property graphs, and also provide a well-defined notion of schema and support straightforward mappings to and from non-graph datasets, including relational, streaming, and microservice data commonly encountered in enterprise environments. We propose algebraic property graphs as a simple but mathematically rigorous bridge between graph and non-graph data models, broadening the scope of graph computing by removing obstacles to the construction of virtual graphs.
The code was the standard, which traded easy readability for complete accuracy and transparency.
That's emphatically not what a standard is about. Standards in the field you described were developed over many years by proprietary Unix vendors (including BSD as descendents of the original TCP/IP stack), enshrined in POSIX/SUS (also published as Open Group and ISO standards), and then implemented on Linux. Apart from early RedHat stuff such as PAM and things like LSB, it is only since about 2005 or so that Linux dominates the market by de-facto implementations rather than standards (such as bash, Docker-style containers based on Linux namespaces, etc.)
I identified 2009 as about when you expected de facto open source implementations instead of any talk of standards but I would buy 2005 as well. Obviously it's a fuzzy boundary.
Another question is whether the model having driven ISO standardization in the past (software vendors working together to create a large, visible, and diverse market) is still relevant in post-standard cloud times. I sure hope it is, but we haven't seen public demand for standards (with the exception of web standards) for well over a decade now.