For 4., I’m pretty sure Canada has a similar verification process. It’s whether or not the U.S. considers that process to be the same with in terms of standards, or a threat to whatever vested interests the U.S. verification process protects. The latter point might sound like anti-American rhetoric, but the same thing happens within the U.S. . Consider the bidding process for the U.S. military project involving Amazon, Oracle, and IBM and the latter two companies accused the process of being heavily skewed to favouring Amazon [0].

[0] https://www.businessinsider.com/heres-why-amazon-is-heavily-...