I see no reason at all that a low-mass engineered structure, meta or otherwise, couldn’t absorb or reflect bass. Silly example: two sheets, with vacuum in between, held apart by an active structure that transmits constant force independently of displacement. This will reflect bass. It may not be practical, but that’s a separate issue.

You'd basically need a vacuum box to contain it and wait until the waves (eventually) run out of energy.

Why vacuum if you want to absorb maximum energy? You want liquid or gel instead.

By the way we have these, they're called bass traps.

Sound doesn't travel in a vacuum.

Bass traps work by eating up the energy in pressure waves that hit them, there's a lot of waves that don't hit them.

Which means that bass traps are only good for minimizing resonances inside an enclosed room, not to stop bass from reproducing through walls or materials.