The point of transportation is to take you places, not to make you healthy.
>increased electricity consumption
The biggest ebike battery you're likely to find is 500 Watt-hours. That's about 6ยข for the average American to fill from zero to full, and that'll carry you 50 miles.
The purpose of vehicles is transportation, not exercise.
The analysis in the paper is flawed right from the start. For regular overweight people, which is the majority of people in U.S. and some other countries, unless getting to high speeds and high heart bpms, a little increase in energy expenditure in moving the bicycle does not increase food consumption in the linear way the paper assumes. The food is gonna be consumed anyway.
And even disregarding that, there are more important considerations here than alleged increase CO2 production, which is laughably negligible in comparison to car, plane and ship transportation. Ordinary bicycle has lower price, better health effects, lower environmental cost of manufacturing/disposing of batteries.
Electric bike has its legitimate target group - elderly or ill or handicapped people. If you're fine, get that ordinary bike and build some form.