I don’t think that’s entirely true. A risk this mitigates against is that system administrators read a user’s most sensitive data when they help them debug a crash.
Encrypting the disk won’t protect against that.
Making the core dump owned by the user running the executable won’t, either, because a) the user will have to make the file readable by the system administrators to get help fixing the crash problem, and b) one can assume the system administrators have root privileges, anyways.
On the other hand, a) programs can’t know what a user’s most sensitive data is (for example, they might be writing in their diary), and b) why would users trust a program to protect their most sensitive data in that way, given that it doesn’t even manage to “not crash“?
On Windows, their equivalent of core files gets sent to Microsoft and they run analysis on them to get most common stack traces for crashing bugs. If you're opted in.
Of course there are security implications. Developers are not allowed to see core files from real customers unless the customer agrees. However our test department and our beta tests agree to this. I don't think anyone has ever looked into a core file to see sensitive data not related to the crash but the possibility exists.