This article suggests an approach that might allow emotional memories to be "balanced" through some kind of neuromodulation. Promising.
Many people self-medicate with inflammation without realizing it, inflammation having a depressant effect - and many foods causing inflammation, meaning our connection to our bodies and feelings are suppressed some to heavily depending on inflammation (and how long we've used food-as-a-coping-mechanism/medication).
Cleaning up diet as much as possible, reducing inflammation as much as possible - includes working towards a healthy weight and water fasting + intermittent fasting seem to be the ideal way, along with allowing the brain to have fluidity again with psychotropic plant medicines seems to be one ideal as well: MDMA for post-traumatic stress therapy, Psilocybin mushrooms (magic mushrooms), and Ayahuasca ceremonies are also powerful tools - that research is beginning to show.
There are also diagnostics possible for our sensory (e.g. through auditory channel) to check for imbalances and sensory processing blocks, which allows for accurately predicting a set of behaviours depending based on the diagnostic - and then sound therapies that exist to help 'unlock' those blocked development processes.
Then there are different levels of modalities of getting the nervous system and energy flowing again, from being more stagnant to completely stagnant - some more 'brute force' methods like acupuncture - Traditional Chinese Medicine methods - to the more subtle energy movement of say Reiki or osteopathy; and without getting into a debate - or arguing that placebo is a powerful benefit on its own - a further level of subtlety - if you believe in them or are sensitive enough and therefore potentially fragile enough to experience benefit from them: homeopathic remedies.
I think the “defect” part is that the panic and anxiety remains even in the face of a vast amount of new information and change. It makes a lot of sense for three-year-old me to fear that dog and be at least cautious of other dogs. It didn’t make any sense for teenage me to be afraid of obviously friendly, familiar dogs who I’ve seen interact with family or friends countless times.