The browser developers have some hard constraints that prevent them from making the browser better for desktop applications. There were a lot of battles at Google over making ssh work in the browser while supporting standard terminal keyboard shortcuts. Even today I hate working in Jupyter because I can't alt-tab-navigate the tabs (it switches browser tabs).

Everything you described is an expected consequence of inner platform syndrome. It would have IMO been better if libraries like qt made cross-platform, network-driven desktop application development the preferred software delivery mechanism.