Functional programming also emphasizes function composition. Especially anything that takes its intellectual heritage from John Backus. (viz, not lisp.) His seminal paper on the subject emphasized that, in well-designed functional languages, functions take only a single argument, because that's necessary to support a good composition-oriented programming style.

I think the root of the distinction is more about how you achieve that composition: Does it smell more like Alonzo Church or Alan Turing?