Yup. It's called a fecal microbial transplant (FMT) and it works for several problems, notably C-diff infection. (Unfortunately it isn't the first-line treatment for that nasty bug, it is usually preceded by weeks of antibiotics and only used when they fail. Source: personal experience.)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fecal_microbiota_transplant

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clostridioides_difficile_(bact...