I was curious too, found answer in comments of original publication:
> Normally there is just one XChaCha12 invocation per encryption or decryption. There's another to derive subkeys, but that's only needed when setting a new key.
Re:Adiantum: encryption for the low end
by AnaniasAnanas on Friday January 25, 2019 @08:13PM
(#19004061)
I don't understand why they use AES though.
I am not a cryptographer so I am a bit clueless on topics like this but I am wondering, why are they doing this? Does this provide any significant benefit to just chacha12 or chacha12 + poly1305?