I suspect you are correct in your assumptions in the last paragraph, at least about being kiln heated. That seems very likely. There is also a thin layer of something, could be resin or lacquer as you suggest. It is definitely not epoxy though (re. next poster)
Re:Why isn't bamboo wood a bigger industry?
by Laforet on Tuesday January 08, 2019 @03:08AM
(#18854084)
The other poster was probably thinking about bamboo fibre-epoxy composite which is more like fibreglass.
I vaguely remember the sealant is not really food safe, which is why many bambio utensils still crack after a few years.
In addition, the bamboo ski poles may have been thoroughly dried by kiln heating and sealed with some type of resin or lacquer to prevent moisture ingress, especially if they were made to get wet.