Sometimes, companies willingly provide the access (e.g. NSA closet at AT&T), other times, it is more sneakily obtained. But, a system with a backdoor is much more likely to be compromised than a system without one.
Edit: I should be clear that any closed source infrastructure is potentially subject to the problem of infiltration. But, a company intentionally putting a hole in the system makes the job even easier. The opportunities for an infiltrator to poke a secret hole into the system are much smaller than the opportunities for obtaining the key to an already existent hole. A hole that is protected from discovery by the company itself is much less likely to be detected by other teams, etc. I mean, to really make a secret hole, you need things like process and network activity statuses to ignore you, logging to not see you, you can't show up in an obvious way on the filesystem, etc. You probably have to have cooperation across at least a few subsystems. It's much easier to exploit an already exploited system, is what I'm trying to say, because you don't actually have to exploit the system, anymore, just the people/organization who builds the system and people are easier to crack than encryption keys.
>I'd rather have my data safe with the Chinese government
What makes you think (y)our data wouldn't be sold to the highest global bidder or hacked?
>a country that is on the other side of the globe
It's called the world wide web for a reason.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/PLA_Unit_61398
>practically zero influence on my life
Western countries are very much influenced by China.
>sharing it with the US or my own governments, which are there, and can make my life hell for any or no reason at all, and have the means to actually hurt me.
Given all of your personal private data, anyone around the world with a computer has the means to actually hurt you.
This is strictly forbidden in US intelligence policy.
That's an interesting take, but you are assuming china's influence won't keep growing.
Or more worrisome, what if china, EU, Russia and the US decide to share data in the future.
The only way to be "safe and free" is legislation curbing intelligence agencies snooping on people. Unfortunately, these intelligence agencies appear to be operating above or beyond the law.
So it seems that Huawei is the safest option for any US and European citizen.
I'd rather have my data safe with the Chinese government, a country that is on the other side of the globe and has practically zero influence on my life, that sharing it with the US or my own governments, which are there, and can make my life hell for any or no reason at all, and have the means to actually hurt me.
And yes, if I can't avoid it, I'd much rather share my internet search history with an unknown entity on the other side of the world, than with my own wife.