a) To listen to the radio, the German sub would've needed to keep an aerial above water; this would create a wake which could've been observed, with obvious consequences for the sub. I doubt a commander would have taken that risk.
b) I also doubt he'd risk surfacing near a foe armed to the teeth so shortly after cessation of hostilities - what if the battleship hadn't been notified yet? Or, just as bad - if they had, but assumed the sub hadn't been, and acted accordingly, just to be safe?
c) Further, in the last days of the war, Dönitz (head of the Kriegsmarine) ordered all vessels scuttled, rather than having them fall in enemy hands. I have no idea how many submarines were still operational and on patrol come V-E Day, but presumably most would have been scuttled or headed for South America by then.
So, while I find it unlikely, I wouldn't rule it out, and would love to know more about the incident.
The Cruel Sea ends with a corvette passing some tied up U-boats - given that Nicholas Monsarrat served in corvettes (as described the in Three Corvettes) I don't think he'd have got that detail wrong.
My presumption (and I don't know, I'm guessing) would be that most uboat crews would want to go home and would surrender to the (preferably non-Russian) forces.
South America might be an option if you've been a war criminal (think: concentration camp commandant), but I'd imagine not so much if you're a regular German soldier.
b) "I also doubt he'd risk surfacing near a foe armed to the teeth so shortly after cessation of hostilities"
Ok. This. I would say, yes, they would risk it on the German side. Germans were known to run to American troops for safety. The 'bad war' wasn't between the US and the Germans. The Germans weren't dumb they knew if they surrendered to the US they would have international rights and be treated like POWs.
c) Sure. But that left each vessel to their own devices. I would imagine many surrendering to the US (but still have arms on board).
"I have no idea how many submarines were still operational and on patrol come V-E Day"
I would say not many. Many due to gasoline restrictions. Being a Uboat wasn't hard, it was being an axis allied gasoline tanker that was hard.
Also, the fact that your home also has an insane chance of being your coffin..
Edit: here it is: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/DS...
The downside to this, of course, being that you'd announce your presence to any competent lookout on the ship you were following.
b) If I was German, I'd definitely prefer to surrender to a western power; I do think it may have been a bit rash to announce my presence in such a spectacular fashion with all the risk that entails, when I could as well have slipped a couple of miles away, surfaced, draped some table linen from the conning tower and radioed my intent to surrender and request instructions; much better than getting rammed or blasted out of the water for my trouble.
c) Three out of four U-boat crewmen got killed during the war, so it could be argued that being on a U-boat had its own risks - besides, this late in the war, the tankers would hardly have had any fuel to ship anyway - the Germans lost their oilfields (primarily in Ploesti, Romania and Maikop, Russia) prior to the endgame and largely relied on synthetic fuels, available in limited quantities.
That being said, I agree with your assessment that the U-boat force had ceased to be a serious threat way before the spring of 1945 - fuel shortages definitely being a major factor.
I saw a programme a couple of years ago about a port in Northern Ireland which had quite a few U boats moored after the war.
There is a picture here from Lisahally https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205160207
There were also over 30 which surrendered in Loch Eriboll, Sutherland. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/scotland/7479898/Mas...
I have an elderly neighbor who served in WWII.
He was on a battleship when the news came from the radio room that Germany surrendered.
In the midst of the celebrations onboard, the sea broke, and they found that they had been followed and semi surrounded by U-boats.
The submarines were also listening for news, and their commander had said not to torpedo the ship until they know if the war continues.
It hard to imagine the feeling of victory and relief combined with the feeling that one was almost sunk, and only for the goodness of the German commandeer that wasn't looking to kill indiscriminately..
He told me this emotionally, so I take his word for this, but am open to hearing from those more knowlegable about the facts if his story makes sense.