All the issues you describe are, again, issues with a specific implementation. Voting day can (and should) be moved to a weekend. Government-issued IDs should be free and easy - I would even say automatic - to get. And so on, and so forth.
Voter ID does not have to make voting hard. I would not support any proposal that would do so (which is to say, any that I've seen pushed in US to date). However, I cannot in good faith support a principled opposition to voter ID as such. And - speaking as a card-carrying member of the party - I believe that Democrats are shooting themselves in the foot by continually misrepresenting the core idea as racist etc. They should instead come up with a comprehensive voting reform proposal that would tackle all these issues - election security (including ID), voter registration, election day timing etc. And put it on the table with great fanfare. Then let Republicans explain why they're still opposed to it.
There's also an established history of voter ID laws in other countries not being used to suppress votes. This isn't a hypothetical, either.
From which directly follows that voter ID is not racist. The right-wing politics around voter ID in US specifically is racist. If lefties keep letting right-wing own the subject, then that's all it'll ever be. But it doesn't have to be that way.
In many areas in America the hours for polling stations coincide with the typical workday. It can also take quite literally hours to reach your proper polling station to vote where taking any time off from work for many of the lower-class citizens is impossible. Proper ID for voting can also be harder to come across than you might think especially when access to them in minority or poor neighborhoods is deliberately limited. That's just to reach the location; never mind it potentially taking hours to just vote [1].
When you look at voter ID laws in a vacuum there isn't that much of an issue. However European countries have a far lower barrier to entry both for the act of voting and for getting a proper ID. When people talk about implementing voter ID in various areas; they're putting the cart before the horse, often intentionally because they know it benefits their voter base.
And as I've mentioned before voter ID solves very little. If you make it hard to vote just for a symbolic measure you're essentially admitting that you want to discriminate against minorities and the poor just for the sake of it.
[1] http://www.brennancenter.org/publication/election-day-long-l...