You still haven't named a single tool or process.

A simple search on Google will yield plenty of results, if you are not willing to do that or even explain which solution you tried yourself and what failed, I'm not going to waste my time recommending an alternative solution to your problem either. In fact I just provided you with another solution which you didn't bother acknowledging.

I have done plenty of research and I couldn't find a solution to backup and restore an Android phone quickly without losing all kinds of data and settings.

I have used the built in backup to Google and noticed that restore takes many hours and a lot of apps lost data and settings. It took considerable effort to get back to normal. Definitely too much work to spend on my first day of vacation.

A burner phone may work but then you don't have access to all your data.

`adb backup`. All you have to do is turn on developer mode to enable adb, root is entirely unrequired. You might need to log into accounts again, I'm not sure. Do note that this can take a while, depending on whether you back up your sdcard and how much storage is in use. You can choose to backup individual apps, or everything, to use encryption, etc.

If you install TWRP recovery (root is only required for the installation, not the maintenance), you can do a full-phone backup.

Thanks.