Almost all textbooks named "Mathematical Modeling" should have chapters on modelling continuous change with differential equations, hopefully also a chapter on how to model systems of interacting variables with a system of differential equations.

Then also textbooks with names like "Mathematical Models in Biology" or "Mathematical Biology" should have chapters on population growth, a two-species predator-prey model, diseases and epidemiology, and sometimes also a chapter on chemical kinetics (these are all modelled with differential equations).