Unfortunately it requires a credit card with a US billing address[1].
> Also you can switch to Canada region without any payment method(while switching to US region requires a US credit card).
The US store also does not require a credit card[2][3]. It does require entering a US address, but the address is not validated in any way.
Edit: apparently you can't always chose "none" as a payment method when changing regions[4]. I can't remember what I did, I might have created the account while being in the US, or perhaps I used ssh port forwarding with an US server, but, as you can see it works for me.
[1] https://i.imgur.com/dvT9M1J.png
[2] https://i.imgur.com/5ZQ0Lih.png
Some systems don't check anything, most systems only check the numeric characters written in the address, but some systems also check the country and/or zip code.
I can't use my Austrian CC to buy from your Apple link, but I could use it at Lowe's with some US address (I used my Austrian address street but with country US).
Btw, I could not order a Macbook Pro from apple.com (online), even when I was in the US, and the online system allowed entering an Austrian billing address. The payment went through, but the order was cancelled a few days later with no explanation (and no money back either!). I had to plead with Apple support that I am not, in fact, some kind of scammer, and they made me come in person to an Apple store and only after I presented them with two separate types of government ID they returned me the money (and allowed me to place a new order there, in person).
Life sucks if you are not a US person.
[0]: https://www.apple.com/shop/gift-cards/itunes-email-10