Not in the US. You can go off and try to start a hobby farm in state/national forests or a hidden corner of someone's 10,000 acre ranch, and you might even get away with it for a while, but you're not free to do it.

Correct, you're not allowed to trespass on other peoples' properties. If you want to farm or live off the land you need to first have value, then make money, then buy land. It's a pretty straightforward process. It does not require sending data to Equifax, so I'm not sure what your point is.

That's how it works in Economics for Kindergartners 101 or a world with about 100x fewer humans, yes.

Where's my 40 acres and a mule?

Only If you've never needed to borrow money or hold credit.

Nobody needs to do those things, they choose to do them.