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Re:IRC.com Bought by London Trust Media, Pledges an IRC Revival by u801e on Saturday June 23, 2018 @01:41PM (#17382353)
I believe that https://modern.ircdocs.horse/ documents how the IRC protocol is currently used (and I'm not sure why they chose that particular tld).
Re:IRC.com Bought by London Trust Media, Pledges an IRC Revival by terminalcommand on Saturday June 23, 2018 @03:44PM (#17383033)
Ircdocs.horse is an excellent resource but it is unfortunately not complete.

Irc also has a lot of -to me at least- obscure specifications for example involving channel modes. The functionality differs from server to server.

I have the impression that most irc servers are operated by programs with old codebases coded in C. New client implementations are continuing to get written, but I do not see a lot of server implementations around, probably because it is complicated to write.