“One eye”, in humans, has about 125 million sensors (120 million rods, 6 million cones) Calling that “one sensor” is cheating slightly.

But yes, you only need that second eye for stereo vision if you only have data from a single moment in time.

In theory, you can see perfect 3D with a single photoreceptor by scanning with it (giving up temporal resolution, a bit like a electron gun that can write a million pixels per second writes only 50 or 60 images a second on a tv)

By your logic, a 125megapixel camera arguably has 125 million sensors too?

Assuming it’s a color camera, at least double that :-)

I have perfect vision in one eye and very poor vision in the other. While it's possible for me to drive without my glasses, I don't consider it safe. With one eye I can read signs, see pedestrians, cars, etc; but I find that the accuracy of my depth perception suffers. I estimate speed and distances with less precision. Try catching a baseball with one eye covered. It's possible but a lot harder.

Your brain is using something in the ballpark of a petaflop of computing power to do that sort of incredible stuff.

Motion is not required either. There's a reason for a shallow DoF in big photographic lenses/sensors. Bokeh can be represented as a processed depth map.