The claims will usually begin obscenely broadly, practically "I have invented a way to perform calculations with electricity." Each subsequent claim will add an additional refinement/limitation to the previous one, and then lawyers will play games trying to see how broad of a claim can be admitted. The patent attorneys will eventually let the applicants claim the broadest claim for which no prior art can be easily discovered.
Filing a software patent is a weird undertaking. You describe to a lawyer your idea, which takes like 2 minutes. Then they have you brainstorm for every possible extension of it you can think of for an hour or so. Then the lawyer disappears and comes back with a 60 page document that seemingly makes almost no mention of your actual idea. Then you sign that you definitely invented whatever the word salad says.
[0] http://www.danshapiro.com/blog/2010/09/how-to-read-a-patent-...
Well, mega-corps like Google lobbied for a first-to-file system (America Invents), for one thing. Community shmunity; whoever has the most resources to file the most applications wins.
> whoever has the most resources to file the most applications soonest wins.
(Not arguing that these aren't extremely broad and problematic patents, but Google may well be the first in many of these areas.)