I truly doubt that there's much hope for limiting mass surveillance in the US. The NSA does not respect the law. Because it's a military organization, and the US is always at war. At most, the NSA merely pretends to respect the law.
You're working your way backwards through this problem, but stopped short. The US is always at war because...
This is a feedback loop, and the ones causing the endless war utilize the NSA, indirectly, and otherwise, to keep the train moving.
I have occasionally used burner phones. Except when in use, I would remove the batteries and store them in an old steel paint can, with a charger. In the back of my vehicle, with tools. I never opened the can unless I was a few hundred km from my home and work. Supposedly on camping/fishing trips, and I lied about where I was going. Using an old vehicle, and keeping to back roads.