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A comment on Monads for functional programming (1995) [pdf]. Parent comment
Continuing the example I gave, the monad law "Identity" says that "trivial subexpressions are already simplified"
a+b = (a)+(b) || || (a+b) = a+b
((a)+(b))+((c+d)+(e)) = (a)+(b)+(c+d)+(e) || || (a+b)+(c+d+e) = a+b+c+d+e
a = (a) = a
(6+1)+(3) = 7+3 || || 6+1+3 = 10
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Continuing the example I gave, the monad law "Identity" says that "trivial subexpressions are already simplified"
and the monad law "Associativity" says that "order of simplification doesn't matter" The laws for an algebra for a monad say "Trivial expressions evaluate to themselves" and "you get the same result no matter the order you do evaluations and simplifications"