There's a constructed language called Solresol which works on this idea. It uses the 7 notes of the major scale (or the solfege system) to communicate, and this simple fact makes it quite flexible because it could technically be projected onto any 7-unit system (e.g. colours of the rainbow, hand symbols, pictographs).

I don't know how practical it is and it seems to be quite obscure nowadays, but it's got some interesting ideas. Antonyms, for example, are constructed by a phrase performed in retrograde. Its a very minimal system which makes the vocabulary somewhat constrained, but flexibility of it is pretty neat since you can vary the method of communication once you know the basic system.