In some countries you have to pass a medical examination which includes a vision test.

The driving schools also have theoretical tests where one has to identify objects in a picture, interpret the situation, and propose the correct action. Of course, these tests are on a higher level: "this is a car, this is a pedestrian" vs. "you're approaching an intersection, that car is turning left, a pedestrian is about to cross the street, another car is coming from there etc."

Not to mention the road and track tests a driver has to pass which include practicing controlling the car in difficult conditions: driving in the dark, evasive actions on slippery surfaces and so on.

Edit: In my opinion it's insane to allow autonomous vechiles on the roads without proper testing by a neutral third party.