I've seen a couple of efforts to attempt to port SQLite to Go, usually with the idea of 'mechnically' porting the existing C code to Go rather than starting from scratch. Someone has already ported the SQLite3 shell: https://github.com/cznic/sqlite3shell .. you can tell the code is transpiled, however, as it's nothing like what a Go developer would write riddled with gotos and artificial variable names :-)

Personally, I think it'd be better to just start afresh with new implementations, not necessarily under the auspices of the SQLite project. Being 'compatible' is reasonable enough and you can just ditch the lesser used or out of date features if you're not claiming to be a 100% clone.