> Like a banking app that can show me nearby ATMs when I need one

Android needs an intent for "get current location" rather than "always have access to location". Apps don't need camera permission to let the user capture one image from the camera, only to autonomously control the camera themselves. Similarly, an Android app should have the ability to request one current location fix, for this kind of purpose, and have that trigger an interactive request with a map. (That also makes it easy to do "look for ATMs near where I'm going to be this afternoon".)

Better yet, the app could expose a "points of interest" interface, and then Google Maps or another maps app could make those points of interest available.