I don't think a lot of backup providers do this but file-mesh services and file sharing services surely do.
The article makes it sound like it cannot be done.
If there's a way around that, I am your eager student.
By the way, some people have suggested using reference counts as a solution. You then know, for example two or more users share duplicate data, but not which two users. My feeling is that, at some time, you did know which users those were (when the counts were incremented.) I like to stay within the realm of "we are not capable of knowing" instead of simply, "as it happens, we don't know anymore."
Thats why at the end of the post they say that even if they decided to deduplicate in the future, they would have no way of retroactively doing it.