The original designers of the macro system absolutely had Scheme firmly in mind (source: I was there). The most telling giveaway is that the identifier for declaring macros, "macro_rules", is a reference to Scheme's "syntax-rules". As for a comparison, Rust macros have to jump through hoops to account for the fact that Rust has syntax (and types), and the Rust system isn't entirely hygienic yet (work in progress).