Really I'm not sure what we're waiting for at this point. The only thing Web Components have really solved is component isolation, but that's not something folks really struggle with these days.
Frankly, not that much. Most of the APIs are still the same imperative you-can-only-do-one-thing-at-a-time hell, often with very limited capabilities compared to jQuery.
And yes, whoever made the decision to return NodeLists instead of arrays everywhere should at least re-evaluate whether they should really be doing programming.
The major thing still missing is upload/download progress.
Since I never really learned jQuery, I can't attest to how much of modern JavaScript is based off of it. But looking an a quick reference for jQuery, it's pretty obvious that a huge part of it did not become standard. So all of the time invested in learning those features is wasted. Any application using those features is permanently locked in to a nearly obsolete framework. And the owners of those applications is now forced to find developers who both know and admit to knowing jQuery knowing they'll be dooming themselves to supporting old legacy code.