But still no. Deterministic means the the input maps consistently to the output. The hardware in this sense is doing the mapping. Deterministic does not mean for all x the only mapping is f(x). It means when f(x) is the mapping f(x) does not change to f'(x). However g(x) is a perfectly deterministic possibility for a mapping too. Point being two hardwares f(x) and g(x) can independently deterministically map x. The existence of two hardwares does not affect whether it's possible to deterministically map x or not. The reality and I think your point is that if you are unaware a different hardware is performing the mapping this can lead to a result that would appear nondeterministic. But the original point with the medical company anecdote is that this is only an appearance and in some domains people go to great lengths to make sure they intimately understand their f(x) and make sure they're not using a g(x) they don't understand.
A medical company using old processors and gcc2 for their system is not running on AWS.
One could argue that the introduction of cloud computing (using virtualization) has converted the machines we run on from deterministic to sorta-deterministic. It just happens that until now we haven't been hurt by it much. Now everyone's paying for it, to the tune of a sizable performance hit on syscalls.