TOU (Time of Use) rates are becoming more and more common.
In 2019, TOU rates will be the default rate structure for new accounts in California. Many more states are following suite.
Even if they're not the default, tons of places have opt-in TOU structures. EV owners and home storage owners use this a lot.
Some states have even already adopted complicated shit only seen in C&I customers: demand charges. Basically, a portion of your bill will be dependent on your peak demand during a period (ie peak kW, not total kWh).
I think this is the way things are moving in other jurisdictiins as well. In case of Germany and France one of the reasons why the systems have mot been upgraded lies in the privacy rules for the power consumption data according to one smart meter manufacturer.
Not just that, in addition the smart meters cost a bunch of money to install... people don't like paying anything very much.
Norway is going all-in on smart meters, installation has been rolled out this year to ~80% of the country, due to reach 100% next year. The total installation cost is estimated at around 2.5 billion USD for around 2.2 mill. houses, i.e $1000 per house. Which of course we as consumers will be paying for through higher electricity prices.
This is still the case, see: http://www.nyseg.com/YourHome/pricingandrates/daynighrate.ht...
Perhaps you misinterpreted the scope of applicability of what the professor said.
I have a plan which charges significantly less during off peak hours.
Something as modern as time-variable tariffs... not gonna happen soon here.
Edit: lol, I get downvoted for relaying what a professor of EE told me. Stay classy HN.