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Re:Design of a silicon quantum computer chip by vtomole on Monday December 18, 2017 @03:27PM (#15955166)
I can't speak to a claim that there are proven theoretical advantages for biological or climate simulations; but researchers are looking for them.

With respect to biological simulations, researchers at IBM were able to implement artificial life algorithms on a quantum computer [0]. They discuss some potential advantages to simulating life on a quantum computer versus a classical one.

Researchers have also been trying to figure out if quantum computers can be used for weather predictions [1].

[0]: https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.09442

[1]: https://link.springer.com/article/10.3103/S1068373917090011

Re:Design of a silicon quantum computer chip by stcredzero on Monday December 18, 2017 @03:37PM (#15955255)
With respect to biological simulations, researchers at IBM were able to implement artificial life algorithms on a quantum computer [0]

Genetic algorithms are similar in some regards to simulated annealing. Apparently, D-Wave's approach is kind of like quantum simulated annealing.

https://arstechnica.com/science/2017/01/explaining-the-upsid...