And you determined this, how? First hand observation and reporting? Raw reported data (which can have racial bias, if the majority culture reports higher against immigrants or minorities), or what?

You made a bold claim regarding religious practice, and to my view you are now moving the goalposts by adding refugee/minority status into the claim. Should I assume no formal metastudies?

From simple following of daily news. From frequent visits to Malmø over the years. From Malmø friends who are leaving or have already left because the situation is getting out of hand. From top officials in the Malmø police force, who report themselves unable to cope with the escalation. From the official Swedish bureau of statistics, whose numbers are crystal clear.

Also, I do of course realize that this discussion is pointless and impossible, even in the supposedly rational environment of HN.

So far, the only rebuttal I have seen has been "racist dick".