Herbicide can certainly be effective and at the same time not be dangerous to the human body simply because our body mass is higher and thus the effective dosage per kg of body mass is lower.
Or alternatively, herbicides can be made less effective against mammals but more effective against other animals/insects by disrupting cell chemistry not present in mammals (or humans if you want to be more specific on the chemical).
Of course, herbicide is not healthy if consumed in any large amounts, it's after all a poison, small dosages can be made safe for humans while still being dangerous to not-humans.
The solution is to not to have an expectation that vegetables should be free of any insect or animal contact. But not everybody likes caterpillar bite marks on their vegetables.
- Can we have similar output (quality/quantity/cost) without any pesticide at all?
- If not, are the alternative molecules better or worse?
Despite claiming your views are not effected by all the propaganda, you are biased against herbicides in a very propaganda smelling 2 dimensional manner.
Take antibiotics, which kill bacteria but have mild-to-none effects on humans (and most of the negative side effects on humans stem from their killing of even beneficial bacteria).