Not as far as I know. You can use tcpreplay for this, but it's not equivalent to Fiddler:

http://tcpreplay.appneta.com/wiki/overview.html

Whilst it doesn't do everything that Fiddler does, and isn't open-source, I'd say Postman is worth a look for playing around with HTTP requests. The user interface is a lot more user friendly (in my opinion):

https://www.getpostman.com/

Postman doesn't quite fill the niche, because it can't see all http/https traffic (ex: from other non-browser applications). Also, postman can't see anything that happens to the request after it's submitted (ex: by an anti-virus network filter).

Which is not to say that Postman is not good at what it does do.