This is exactly the problem. In general you should not be writing code for design flexibility. Your code should contain the minimum number of abstractions to satisfy its requirements. If flexibility is a requirement right now then that's ok. Otherwise refactor in the flexibility later. But don't make the code flexible for the sake of tests. It vastly over-complicates it for no benefit. Instead write tests as close to the requirements level as possible (ideally most of your tests should be just below the ui)